| Rank | City | 1840 Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | New York, NY | 312,710 |
| 2 | Baltimore, MD | 102,313 |
| 3 | New Orleans, LA | 102,193 |
| 4 | Philadelphia, PA | 93,665 |
| 5 | Boston, MA | 93,383 |
| 6 | Cincinnati, OH | 46,338 |
| 7 | Brooklyn, NY | 36,233 |
| 8 | Northern Liberties district, PA | 34,474 |
| 9 | Albany, NY | 33,721 |
| 10 | Charleston, SC | 29,261 |
| 11 | Spring Garden district, PA | 27,849 |
| 12 | Southwark district, PA | 27,548 |
| 13 | Washington, DC | 23,364 |
| 14 | Providence, RI | 23,171 |
| 15 | Kensington district, PA | 22,314 |
| 16 | Louisville, KY | 21,210 |
| 17 | Pittsburgh, PA | 21,115 |
| 18 | Lowell, MA | 20,796 |
| 19 | Rochester, NY | 20,191 |
| 20 | Richmond, VA | 20,153 |
| 21 | Troy, NY | 19,334 |
| 22 | Buffalo, NY | 18,213 |
| 23 | Newark, NJ | 17,290 |
| 24 | St. Louis, MO | 16,469 |
| 25 | Portland, ME | 15,218 |
| 26 | Salem, MA | 15,082 |
| 27 | Moyamensing township, PA | 14,573 |
| 28 | New Haven, CT | 12,960 |
| 29 | Utica, NY | 12,782 |
| 30 | Mobile, AL | 12,672 |
| 31 | New Bedford, MA | 12,087 |
| 32 | Charlestown, MA | 11,484 |
| 33 | Savannah, GA | 11,214 |
| 34 | Petersburg, VA | 11,136 |
| 35 | Springfield, MA | 10,985 |
| 36 | Norfolk, VA | 10,920 |
| 37 | Allegheny, PA | 10,089 |
| 38 | Hartford, CT | 9,468 |
| 39 | Lynn, MA | 9,367 |
| 40 | Detroit, MI | 9,102 |
| 41 | Roxbury, MA | 9,089 |
| 42 | Nantucket, MA | 9,012 |
| 43 | Bangor, ME | 8,627 |
| 44 | Alexandria, DC | 8,459 |
| 45 | Lancaster, PA | 8,417 |
| 46 | Reading, PA | 8,410 |
| 47 | Cambridge, MA | 8,409 |
| 48 | Wilmington, DE | 8,367 |
| 49 | Newport, RI | 8,333 |
| 50 | Portsmouth, NH | 7,887 |
| 51 | Wheeling, VA | 7,885 |
| 52 | Taunton, MA | 7,645 |
| 53 | Paterson township, NJ | 7,596 |
| 54 | Worcester, MA | 7,497 |
| 55 | Georgetown, DC | 7,312 |
| 56 | Newburyport, MA | 7,161 |
| 57 | Lexington, KY | 6,997 |
| 58 | Nashville, TN | 6,929 |
| 59 | Schenectady, NY | 6,784 |
| 60 | Fall River, MA | 6,738 |
| 61 | Warwick, RI | 6,726 |
| 62 | Portsmouth, VA | 6,477 |
| 63 | Dover, NH | 6,458 |
| 64 | Augusta, GA | 6,403 |
| 65 | Lynchburg, VA | 6,395 |
| 66 | Gloucester, MA | 6,350 |
| 67 | Cleveland, OH | 6,071 |
| 68 | Dayton, OH | 6,067 |
| 69 | Nashua, NH | 6,054 |
| 70 | Columbus, OH | 6,048 |
| 71 | Harrisburg, PA | 5,980 |
| 72 | Hudson, NY | 5,672 |
| 73 | Auburn, NY | 5,626 |
| 74 | Marblehead, MA | 5,575 |
| 75 | New London, CT | 5,519 |
| 76 | Wilmington, NC | 5,335 |
| 77 | Augusta, ME | 5,314 |
| 78 | Plymouth, MA | 5,281 |
| 79 | Cumberland, RI | 5,225 |
| 80 | Andover, MA | 5,207 |
| 81 | Frederick, MD | 5,182 |
| 82 | Bath, ME | 5,141 |
| 83 | Middleborough, MA | 5,085 |
| 84 | Gardiner, ME | 5,042 |
| 85 | Danvers, MA | 5,020 |
| 86 | Concord, NH | 4,897 |
| 87 | Dorchester, MA | 4,875 |
| 88 | Easton, PA | 4,865 |
| 89 | York, PA | 4,779 |
| 90 | Zanesville, OH | 4,766 |
| 91 | Beverly, MA | 4,689 |
| 92 | Chicago, IL | 4,470 |
| 93 | Carlisle, PA | 4,351 |
| 94 | Pottsville, PA | 4,345 |
| 95 | Columbia, SC | 4,340 |
| 96 | Haverhill, MA | 4,336 |
| 97 | Barnstable, MA | 4,301 |
| 98 | Fayetteville, NC | 4,285 |
| 99 | Steubenville, OH | 4,247 |
| 100 | New Albany, IN | 4,226 |
Cities in Bold = State Capitals
In 1840, the largest city in the US was New York, with a population of 312,710. The second largest city was Baltimore, with a population of 102,313. The third largest US city in 1840 was New Orleans, with a population of 102,193.
The total population of the United States in 1840 was 17,069,453. In 1840, the top 10 largest cities held 5.2% of the population of the country. The top 100 cities accounted for 10.2% of the entire country's population.
The racial demographics of the United States in 1840 were as follows: White population of 14,201,784 (83.2%), Black population of 2,867,668 (16.8%).
The overall population of the world in 1840 was around 1,224,000,000. In 1840 the United States population accounted for about 1.4% of the world's total population.
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